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Consumer Price Index Malaysia December 2011 (Updated: 18/1/2012)
The Consumer Price Index (CPI) for the period January to December 2011 increased by 3.2 per cent to 103.2 compared with that of 100.0 in the same period last year. When compared to the same month in 2010, the CPI for December 2011 registered an increase of 3.0 per cent from 101.2 to 104.2 and when compared with the previous month, the CPI increased by 0.1 per cent.
The index for Food & Non-Alcoholic Beverages and Non-Food for the month of December 2011 showed increases of 5.1 and 2.1 per cent respectively as compared to the same month in 2010. For the period January to December 2011, the index for Food & Non-Alcoholic Beverages and Non-Food increased by 4.8 and 2.5 per cent respectively. Comparison made to the previous month also showed an increasing trend of 0.3 and 0.1 per cent respectively for Food & Non-Alcoholic Beverages and Non-Food (Table 1).
CPI changes for the period January - December 2011 / 2010
The 3.2 per cent increase in the CPI was brought about by increases observed in the indices of all the main groups except those of Communication ( - 0.3 per cent ) and Clothing & Footwear ( - 0.2 per cent ). Notable increases among these main groups with high weights were Food & Non-Alcoholic Beverages ( + 4.8 per cent ); Transport ( + 4.4 per cent ) and Housing, Water, Electricity, Gas & Other Fuels ( + 1.8 per cent ). Other increases were Restaurants & Hotels ( + 5.9 per cent ); Alcoholic Beverages & Tobacco ( + 4.6 per cent ); Health ( + 2.7 per cent ); Miscellaneous Goods & Services ( + 2.4 per cent ); Education ( + 2.2 per cent ); Recreation Services & Culture ( + 2.0 per cent ) and Furnishings, Household Equipment & Routine Household Maintenance ( + 1.8 per cent ).
Table 1 : CONSUMER PRICE INDEX FOR MAIN GROUPS, MALAYSIA (2010=100)
Group | Wt. | Index | % Change | ||||||
Dec 2010 | Nov | Dec | Jan - Dec 2010 | Jan - Dec 2011 | Dec 2011 / Nov2011 | Dec 2011 / Dec 2010 | Jan - Dec 2011/ 2010 | ||
| TOTAL | 100.0 | 101.2 | 104.1 | 104.2 | 100.0 | 103.2 | 0.1 | 3.0 | 3.2 |
| Food & Non-Alcoholic Beverages | 30.3 | 101.4 | 106.3 | 106.6 | 100.0 | 104.8 | 0.3 | 5.1 | 4.8 |
| Alcoholic Beverages & Tobacco | 2.2 | 104.6 | 104.6 | 104.6 | 100.0 | 104.6 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 4.6 |
| Clothing and Footwear | 3.4 | 98.8 | 99.9 | 99.6 | 100.0 | 99.8 | -0.3 | 0.8 | -0.2 |
| Housing, Water, Electricity, Gas & Other Fuels | 22.6 | 100.8 | 102.5 | 102.5 | 100.0 | 101.8 | 0.0 | 1.7 | 1.8 |
| Furnishings, Household Equip. & Routine Household Maintenance | 4.1 | 100.0 | 102.4 | 102.5 | 100.0 | 101.8 | 0.1 | 2.5 | 1.8 |
| Health | 1.3 | 100.8 | 103.6 | 103.6 | 100.0 | 102.7 | 0.0 | 2.8 | 2.7 |
| Transport | 14.9 | 102.9 | 104.9 | 104.9 | 100.0 | 104.4 | 0.0 | 1.9 | 4.4 |
| Communication | 5.7 | 100.0 | 99.5 | 99.4 | 100.0 | 99.7 | -0.1 | -0.6 | -0.3 |
| Recreation Services & Culture | 4.6 | 99.7 | 103.1 | 103.1 | 100.0 | 102.0 | 0.0 | 3.4 | 2.0 |
| Education | 1.4 | 100.4 | 103.1 | 103.2 | 100.0 | 102.2 | 0.1 | 2.8 | 2.2 |
| Restaurants and Hotels | 3.2 | 101.6 | 107.4 | 107.5 | 100.0 | 105.9 | 0.1 | 5.8 | 5.9 |
| Miscellaneous Goods & Services | 6.3 | 100.8 | 103.9 | 103.9 | 100.0 | 102.4 | 0.0 | 3.1 | 2.4 |
| Non-Food | 69.7 | 101.1 | 103.1 | 103.2 | 100.0 | 102.5 | 0.1 | 2.1 | 2.5 |
| Durable Goods | 6.5 | 100.4 | 101.3 | 101.2 | 100.0 | 100.7 | -0.1 | 0.8 | 0.7 |
| Semi-Durable Goods | 4.4 | 99.2 | 100.6 | 100.3 | 100.0 | 100.3 | -0.3 | 1.1 | 0.3 |
| Non-Durable Goods | 41.6 | 102.0 | 105.3 | 105.5 | 100.0 | 104.4 | 0.2 | 3.4 | 4.4 |
| Services | 47.5 | 100.8 | 103.8 | 103.8 | 100.0 | 102.7 | 0.0 | 3.0 | 2.7 |
Based on the above changes and the weights assigned to the main groups, the relative contribution to the overall increase of 3.2 per cent in the CPI can be identified as shown in Table 2. The three main groups, Food & Non-Alcoholic Beverages; Housing, Water, Electricity, Gas & Other Fuels and Transport together accounted for 79.6 per cent of the overall increase recorded for the current period.
Table 2 : CONTRIBUTION TO THE CHANGES IN THE OVERALL CONSUMER PRICE INDEX
BY MAIN GROUPS, MALAYSIA (2010=100)
Group | Wt. | 2010 / 2009 | December 2011 / 2010 | January - December 2011 / 2010 | |||
% Change | % Contribution | % Change | % Contribution | % Change | % Contribution | ||
| TOTAL | 100.0 | 1.7 | 100.0 | 3.0 | 100.0 | 3.2 | 100.0 |
| Food & Non-Alcoholic Beverages | 30.3 | 2.4 | 47.7 | 5.1 | 53.4 | 4.8 | 46.4 |
| Alcoholic Beverages & Tobacco | 2.2 | 4.0 | 5.1 | 0.0 | 0.1 | 4.6 | 3.2 |
| Clothing and Footwear | 3.4 | -1.4 | -2.1 | 0.8 | 0.8 | -0.2 | -0.3 |
| Housing, Water, Electricity, Gas & Other Fuels | 22.6 | 1.1 | 13.8 | 1.7 | 13.4 | 1.8 | 12.5 |
Furnishings, Household Equip. & Routine Household Maintenance | 4.1 | 0.7 | 1.6 | 2.5 | 3.3 | 1.8 | 2.3 |
| Health | 1.3 | 1.6 | 1.3 | 2.8 | 1.3 | 2.7 | 1.2 |
| Transport | 14.9 | 1.6 | 14.7 | 1.9 | 9.8 | 4.4 | 20.7 |
| Communication | 5.7 | -0.2 | -0.7 | -0.6 | -1.2 | -0.3 | -0.5 |
| Recreation Services & Culture | 4.6 | 1.6 | 4.0 | 3.4 | 5.1 | 2.0 | 2.8 |
| Education | 1.4 | 1.7 | 1.7 | 2.8 | 1.3 | 2.2 | 1.0 |
| Restaurants and Hotels | 3.2 | 2.0 | 3.6 | 5.8 | 6.3 | 5.9 | 6.0 |
| Miscellaneous Goods & Services | 6.3 | 2.7 | 9.3 | 3.1 | 6.4 | 2.4 | 4.7 |
The 4.8 per cent increase in the index for Food & Non-Alcoholic Beverages was the result of increases for Food At Home ( + 5.1 per cent ); Food Away From Home ( + 4.6 per cent ) and Coffee, Tea, Cocoa & Non-Alcoholic Beverages ( + 2.4 per cent ). Among the subgroups of Food At Home which showed significant increases during this period were Sugar, Jam, Honey, Chocolate and Confectionery ( + 11.5 per cent ); Meat ( + 7.6 per cent ); Milk and Eggs ( + 6.2 per cent ); Fruits ( + 5.9 per cent ); Fish and Seafood ( + 5.7 per cent ) and Vegetables ( + 5.3 per cent ).
Table 3 : CONSUMER PRICE INDEX FOR SUB-GROUPS OF FOOD AND
NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, MALAYSIA (2010=100)
Sub-group | Wt. | Index | % Change | ||||||
Dec 2010 | Nov 2011 | Dec 2011 | Jan - Dec 2010 | Jan - Dec 2011 | Dec 2011 / Nov 2011 | Dec 2011 / Dec 2010 | Jan - Dec 2011/ 2010 | ||
| Food & Non-Alcoholic Beverages | 30.3 | 101.4 | 106.3 | 106.6 | 100.0 | 104.8 | 0.3 | 5.1 | 4.8 |
| Food | 28.9 | 101.5 | 106.4 | 106.7 | 100.0 | 104.9 | 0.3 | 5.1 | 4.9 |
Food At Home | 18.9 | 101.5 | 106.3 | 106.7 | 100.0 | 105.1 | 0.4 | 5.1 | 5.1 |
| Rice, Bread & Other Cereals | 4.4 | 100.2 | 101.9 | 102.1 | 100.0 | 101.4 | 0.2 | 1.9 | 1.4 |
| Meat | 2.9 | 99.9 | 108.8 | 106.7 | 100.0 | 107.6 | -1.9 | 6.8 | 7.6 |
| Fish & Seafood | 4.5 | 100.9 | 107.6 | 110.1 | 100.0 | 105.7 | 2.3 | 9.1 | 5.7 |
| Milk & Eggs | 1.8 | 102.7 | 109.2 | 109.3 | 100.0 | 106.2 | 0.1 | 6.4 | 6.2 |
| Oils and Fats | 0.6 | 100.0 | 101.0 | 101.1 | 100.0 | 100.6 | 0.1 | 1.1 | 0.6 |
| Fruits | 1.2 | 103.1 | 107.4 | 107.5 | 100.0 | 105.9 | 0.1 | 4.3 | 5.9 |
| Vegetables | 2.1 | 104.3 | 104.2 | 105.3 | 100.0 | 105.3 | 1.1 | 1.0 | 5.3 |
| Sugar, Jam, Honey, Choc. & Confectionery | 0.6 | 107.2 | 113.3 | 113.3 | 100.0 | 111.5 | 0.0 | 5.7 | 11.5 |
| Food Products n.e.c. | 0.8 | 101.7 | 108.8 | 109.2 | 100.0 | 106.0 | 0.4 | 7.4 | 6.0 |
| Food Away From Home | 10.0 | 101.3 | 106.6 | 106.8 | 100.0 | 104.6 | 0.2 | 5.4 | 4.6 |
| Coffee, Tea, Cocoa & Non-Alcoholic Beverages | 1.4 | 100.5 | 103.6 | 103.8 | 100.0 | 102.4 | 0.2 | 3.3 | 2.4 |
Monthly Changes for CPI
Compared with the previous month, the CPI for December 2011 increased by 0.1 per cent. Increases were for main groups Food & Non-Alcoholic Beverages ( + 0.3 per cent ); Furnishings, Household Equipment & Routine Household Maintenance; Education and Restaurants & Hotels by 0.1 per cent respectively. On the other hand, decreases were shown for Clothing & Footwear ( - 0.3 per cent ) and Communication ( - 0.1 per cent ). The indices for Alcoholic Beverages & Tobacco; Housing, Water, Electricity, Gas & Other Fuels; Health; Transport; Recreation Services & Culture and Miscellaneous Goods & Services remained unchanged at 104.6; 102.5; 103.6; 104.9; 103.1 and 103.9 respectively.
The index for Food & Non-Alcoholic Beverages in December 2011 increased by 0.3 per cent compared with that of the previous month. This is due to increases for Food At Home ( + 0.4 per cent ); Food Away From Home ( + 0.2 per cent ) and Coffee, Tea, Cocoa & Non-Alcoholic Beverages ( + 0.2 per cent ).
Among the food items which recorded notable increases in December 2011 compared with the previous month were Water Spinach ( + 10.7 per cent ); Spinach ( + 10.4 per cent ); Indian Mackerel (Fish) ( + 6.0 per cent ); Round Scad (Fish) ( + 5.9 per cent ); Choy Sum ( + 5.4 per cent ); Hardtail Scad (Fish) ( + 4.9 per cent ); Red Chillies ( + 4.4 per cent ); Long Beans ( + 3.6 per cent) and Longtail Tuna (Fish) ( + 3.2 per cent ).
Meanwhile, the index of some food items decreased in December 2011 compared with the previous month. Among these were Tomatoes ( - 11.1 per cent ); Round Cabbage ( - 4.4 per cent ); Cucumber ( - 4.0 per cent ); Chicken ( - 4.0 per cent ); Shallots ( - 3.4 per cent ) and Hen’s Eggs ( - 1.2 per cent ).
A reclassification of items according to their durability and services rendered showed increases in Non-Durable Goods ( + 0.2 per cent ). The indices for Durable Goods and Semi-Durable Goods showed decreases by 0.1 and 0.3 per cent respectively while the index for Services remained unchanged at 103.8.
